Papel del Centro de Toxicología de Angola en la prevención y tratamiento de accidentes ofídicos.
nº50 [Abril 17 - Junio 17] Retel29/05/2017
Rodelin Oliveros Oliveros, Yamilet García González, Yamile Santana Frómeta, Juana Maggie Torriente Valle, Orleidys Peña Saldívar
Resumen
Los accidentes ofídicos representan un problema de salud pública en varios países del mundo, principalmente en poblaciones rurales, por su mayor orientación laboral enfocada a actividades agrícolas. Estos accidentes representan una emergencia médica, que requieren un tratamiento adecuado y oportuno para evitar y/o reducir complicaciones como incapacidad y en casos más graves, incluso la muerte.Angola no está ajena a esta problemática, a pesar de existir un subregistro, desconociéndose los datos estadísticos de los accidentes con serpientes. Objetivos: Caracterizar los accidentes ofídicos atendidos por el CIMETOX, reportados al departamento de Información Toxicológica de Urgencia o atendidos por consulta externa, desde al año 2014 hasta 2016, y presentar estrategias de prevención y tratamiento adecuados desarrolladas por el Centro en el periodo. Método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. Resultados: Fueron atendidos un total de 131 casos, predominado las edades comprendidas entre 20-40 años y el sexo femenino, destacándose las provincias de Malanje (59.3%) y Luanda (32.6%), seguidas por Huíla y Bengo. Fueron desarrolladas actividades de prevención en comunidades de más de 20 municipios y de capacitación de pre y posgrado, se trabaja en la producción del suero antiofídico Murino, propio de las serpientes angolanas. Conclusiones: el Centro de toxicología es un pilar importante en la prevención de accidentes ofídicos, mediante actividades de capacitación, tanto como en el asesoramiento del diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuado de los accidentes con serpientes.
Palabras clave: Accidentes ofídicos, Serpientes, Angola, CIMETOX.
Palabras clave: Accidentes ofídicos, Serpientes, Angola, CIMETOX.
Abstract
Role of the Angolan Toxicology Center in the prevention and treatment of ophidian accidents
Snakebite accidents represent a public health problem in several countries of the world, mainly in rural populations, due to their greater labor orientation focused on agricultural activities. These accidents represent a medical emergency, requiring appropriate and timely treatment to avoid and / or reduce complications such as disability and in more serious cases, including death.Angola is no stranger to this problem, despite the fact that there is a lack of registration, and the statistical data on snake accidents are unknown. Objectives: To characterize the ophidian accidents treated by CIMETOX, reported to the Department of Toxicological Information of Urgency or assisted by external consultation, from 2014 to 2016, and to present adequate prevention and treatment strategies developed by the Center during the period. Method: descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study. Results: A total of 131 cases were attended, predominantly between 20-40 years old and female, with the provinces of Malanje (59.3%) and Luanda (32.6%), followed by Huíla and Bengo. Preventive activities were carried out in communities with more than 20 municipalities and pre and postgraduate training, and the production of the anti-Murine serum Murino, typical of the Angolan snakes. Conclusions: The Toxicology Center is an important pillar in the prevention of snakebite accidents, through training activities, as well as in advising on the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of snake accidents.
Key words: Snakebite accidents, snakes, Angola, CIMETOX.
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Snakebite accidents represent a public health problem in several countries of the world, mainly in rural populations, due to their greater labor orientation focused on agricultural activities. These accidents represent a medical emergency, requiring appropriate and timely treatment to avoid and / or reduce complications such as disability and in more serious cases, including death.Angola is no stranger to this problem, despite the fact that there is a lack of registration, and the statistical data on snake accidents are unknown. Objectives: To characterize the ophidian accidents treated by CIMETOX, reported to the Department of Toxicological Information of Urgency or assisted by external consultation, from 2014 to 2016, and to present adequate prevention and treatment strategies developed by the Center during the period. Method: descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study. Results: A total of 131 cases were attended, predominantly between 20-40 years old and female, with the provinces of Malanje (59.3%) and Luanda (32.6%), followed by Huíla and Bengo. Preventive activities were carried out in communities with more than 20 municipalities and pre and postgraduate training, and the production of the anti-Murine serum Murino, typical of the Angolan snakes. Conclusions: The Toxicology Center is an important pillar in the prevention of snakebite accidents, through training activities, as well as in advising on the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of snake accidents.
Key words: Snakebite accidents, snakes, Angola, CIMETOX.
Download PDF (277 KB)