Encuestas y talleres educativos sobre plaguicidas en pobladores rurales de la comuna de Río de los Sauces, Córdoba.
nº30 [mayo 10 - junio 10] Retel21/06/2010
Natalia Gentile1, Fernando Mañas2, Laura Peralta2, Beatriz Bosch1, Nora Gorla3 y Delia Aiassa1
1. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, 2Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC). 3CONICET. UNRC, Ruta 8 Km 605. E-mail: daiassa@exa.unrc.edu.ar
Resumen
La provincia de Córdoba es una región donde ocurre exposición laboral a plaguicidas debido a la práctica agrícola intensiva. Se articularon actividades en 34 hogares de trabajadores rurales de la comuna de Río de los Sauces (suroeste de la Provincia. de Córdoba) y representantes del ámbito educativo. Una de estas actividades fue la implementación de encuestas a un total de 146 individuos, En el 34% de los hogares se fumiga alrededor de la vivienda. Los plaguicidas más usados son glifosato, cipermetrina, 2-4D, endosulfán, atrazina, clorpirifós. Los plaguicidas son considerados peligrosos por el 100% de los encuestados. El 53% no recibió información sobre los efectos. El 82% conoce que piel, inhalación, boca y ojos son vías de entrada de los plaguicidas al organismo. El 35% registra cuadros atribuibles a intoxicación con plaguicidas, 83% de los cuales en personas que los aplican. El 100% desconoce la legislación sobre plaguicidas. El 50% ha observado disminución de animales y plantas silvestres, el 30% lo atribuye a contaminación. En el 53% de los hogares se informan casos de alergias y asma y en el 12% cáncer. Sobre la base de los resultados de la encuesta se implementaron talleres educativos, se elaboró material de divulgación y se propuso la realización de ensayos de genotoxicidad a las personas expuestas a plaguicidas. Abordar la problemática a través de la intervención directa con los pequeños y medianos productores, permitió difundir estratégicamente la acción de concienciación sobre el uso responsable de los plaguicidas y promoviendo de esta manera modificación de conductas.
Palabras claves: plaguicidas, trabajadores rurales, salud, educación.
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Palabras claves: plaguicidas, trabajadores rurales, salud, educación.
Descargar Archivo PDF (1,12MB)
Abstract
Surveys and educational workshops on pesticides in rural residents of the commune of Río de los Sauces, Córdoba
The Province of Córdoba is regarded as a region of work exposure to pesticides due to the intense agricultural practice. Specific activities were carried out with 34 rural workers families in the community of Rio de los Sauces (located in the southwest of the Province of Córdoba) and with representatives of the educational personnel. One of these activities was to implement surveys. Thirty four percent of the families fumigate around the housing. Most commonly used pesticides are glyphosate, cipermetrine, 2-4D, endosulfan, atrazine and chlorpyrifos. Hundred percent of the surveyed people consider pesticides as dangerous. Fifty three percent have not received information about the effects. Eighty two percent recognize the skin, respiratory system, mouth and eyes as a route of entry. Thirty five percent report intoxication cases, eighty three percent in people who apply pesticides. Hundred percent are not aware of the legislation about pesticides. Fifty percent have observed a reduction in the number of wild animals and plants; thirty percent attribute it to contamination. In 53% and 12% of the surveyed homes, allergy and asthma, and cancer cases were reported, respectively. Based on the results of the survey, educational workshops were implemented, divulgation material was produced and genotoxicity assays in people exposed to pesticides were planned. The approach of this problem through direct intervention with small and medium rural producers, allowed us to develop a consciousness action about responsible use of pesticides, promoting behavioral changes in exposed people.
Key words: pesticides, rural workers, health, education.
Download PDF (1,12 MB)
The Province of Córdoba is regarded as a region of work exposure to pesticides due to the intense agricultural practice. Specific activities were carried out with 34 rural workers families in the community of Rio de los Sauces (located in the southwest of the Province of Córdoba) and with representatives of the educational personnel. One of these activities was to implement surveys. Thirty four percent of the families fumigate around the housing. Most commonly used pesticides are glyphosate, cipermetrine, 2-4D, endosulfan, atrazine and chlorpyrifos. Hundred percent of the surveyed people consider pesticides as dangerous. Fifty three percent have not received information about the effects. Eighty two percent recognize the skin, respiratory system, mouth and eyes as a route of entry. Thirty five percent report intoxication cases, eighty three percent in people who apply pesticides. Hundred percent are not aware of the legislation about pesticides. Fifty percent have observed a reduction in the number of wild animals and plants; thirty percent attribute it to contamination. In 53% and 12% of the surveyed homes, allergy and asthma, and cancer cases were reported, respectively. Based on the results of the survey, educational workshops were implemented, divulgation material was produced and genotoxicity assays in people exposed to pesticides were planned. The approach of this problem through direct intervention with small and medium rural producers, allowed us to develop a consciousness action about responsible use of pesticides, promoting behavioral changes in exposed people.
Key words: pesticides, rural workers, health, education.
Download PDF (1,12 MB)